Arcus senilis
Arcus senilis refers to an annular lipid infiltration of corneal periphery. This is an age-related change occurring bilaterally in 60 percent of patients between
40 and 60 years of age and in nearly all patients over the age of 80. Sometimes, similar changes occur in young persons (arcus juvenilis) which may or may
not be associated with hyperlipidemia. The arcus starts in the superior
and inferior quadrants and then progresses circumferentially to form a ring which is about 1 mm wide. This ring of opacity is separated from the limbus by a clear zone (the lucid interval of Vogt) (Fig. 1). Sometimes there may be double ring of arcus.
Arcus senilis refers to an annular lipid infiltration of corneal periphery. This is an age-related change occurring bilaterally in 60 percent of patients between
40 and 60 years of age and in nearly all patients over the age of 80. Sometimes, similar changes occur in young persons (arcus juvenilis) which may or may
not be associated with hyperlipidemia. The arcus starts in the superior
and inferior quadrants and then progresses circumferentially to form a ring which is about 1 mm wide. This ring of opacity is separated from the limbus by a clear zone (the lucid interval of Vogt) (Fig. 1). Sometimes there may be double ring of arcus.
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| Fig. 1. Arcus senilis |
It is also an age-related change seen frequently in elderly people. It appears as bilateral chalky white opacities in the interpalpebral area both nasally and
temporally. There may or may not be a clear area between opacity and the limbus. The opacity is at the level of Bowman's membrane.
Hassal-Henle bodies
Hassal-Henle bodies are drop-like excrescences of hyaline material projecting into the anterior chamber around the corneal periphery. These arise from Descemet's membrane. These form the commonest senile change seen in the cornea. In pathological conditions they become larger and invade the central area and the condition is called cornea guttata.
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